SQL Reserved Words / Index

The following list includes words reserved by Manifold System for use in SQL statements. See also the names of functions, which are reserved words, in the extensions topics and the Expressions topic.

Future editions of Manifold System could add to the list of the reserved words. Because of this, it is highly recommended that the names of tables or columns used in a query are enclosed in square brackets, so that the query continues to work even if a name of some table or column it refers to becomes a reserved word.

Reserved Word	Topic
ABS	Expressions (a numeric function)
ACOS	Expressions (a numeric function)
ADD	ALTER TABLE Statement
ADDCOORD	Spatial Extensions (a function)
ADJACENT	Spatial Extensions (a function)
ALL	ALL, DISTINCT, SKIP, TOP Quantifiers and ALL, ANY, SOME Quantifiers
ALLBRANCHES	Aggregate Functions
ALLCOORDS	Aggregate Functions
ALTER	ALTER TABLE Statement
AND	Expressions (a Boolean function) and BETWEEN AND Operator
ANY	ALL, ANY, SOME Quantifiers
AREA	Spatial Extensions (a function)
ARGB	Raster Extensions (a function)
AS	SELECT Statement and FROM Clause
ASC	ORDER BY Clause
ASIN	Expressions (a numeric function)
ASPECTHEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
ASSIGNCOORDSYS	Spatial Extensions (a function)
ATN	Expressions (a numeric function)
ATN2	Expressions (a numeric function)
AVG	Aggregate Functions
BETWEEN	BETWEEN AND Operator
BGR	Raster Extensions (a function)
BGRA	Raster Extensions (a function)
BINARY	Data Types
BINARYTOHEX	Expressions (a conversion function)
BIT	Data Types
BIT_LENGTH	Expressions (a string function)
BLUR	Raster Extensions (a function)
BLURHEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
BORDERBUFFER	Spatial Extensions (a function)
BOTH	TRIM Operator
BOUNDARY	Spatial Extensions (a function)
BOUNDINGBOX	Spatial Extensions (a function)
BRANCH	Spatial Extensions (a function)
BRANCHCOUNT	Spatial Extensions (a function)
BRANCHES	Spatial Extensions (a function)
BRANCHOF	Spatial Extensions (a function)
BUFFER	Spatial Extensions (a function)
BY	GROUP BY Clause and ORDER BY Clause and SPLIT BY Clause
BYTE	Data Types
CASE	CASE Operator
CAST	CAST Operator
CBOOL	Expressions (a conversion function)
CBYTE	Expressions (a conversion function)
CCOORDSYS	Expressions (a conversion function)
CCUR	Expressions (a conversion function)
CDATE	Expressions (a conversion function)
CDBL	Expressions (a conversion function)
CEIL	Expressions (a numeric function)
CENTROID	Spatial Extensions (a function)
CENTROIDBOX	Spatial Extensions (a function)
CENTROIDINNER	Spatial Extensions (a function)
CENTROIDWEIGHT	Spatial Extensions (a function)
CENTROIDX	Spatial Extensions (a function)
CENTROIDY	Spatial Extensions (a function)
CGEOM	Expressions (a conversion function)
CGEOMSDE	Expressions (a conversion function)
CGEOMSHP	Expressions (a conversion function)
CGEOMWKB	Expressions (a conversion function)
CHANNEL	Raster Extensions (a function)
CHAR	Data Types
CHAR_LENGTH	Expressions (a string function)
CHARACTER	Data Types
CHARACTER_LENGTH	Expressions (a string function)
CHR	Expressions (a string function)
CINT	Expressions (a conversion function)
CLIPINTERSECT	Spatial Extensions (a function)
CLIPSUBTRACT	Spatial Extensions (a function)
CLNG	Expressions (a conversion function)
CLOSETOADDRESS	Geocoding Extensions (a function)
CLOSETOZIP	Geocoding Extensions (a function)
COALESCE	Expressions (a generic function)
COLUMN	ALTER TABLE Statement
COMPONENT	Spatial Extensions (used in height functions)
CONTAINS	Spatial Extensions (a function)
CONVERTTOAREA	Spatial Extensions (a function)
CONVERTTOLINE	Spatial Extensions (a function)
CONVERTTOPOINT	Spatial Extensions (a function)
CONVEXHULL	Spatial Extensions (a function)
CONVEXPARTS	Spatial Extensions (a function)
COORD	Spatial Extensions (a function)
COORDCOUNT	Spatial Extensions (a function)
COORDS	Spatial Extensions (a function)
COORDSYS	Data Types and Spatial Extensions (a function)
COORDSYSTOWKT	Spatial Extensions (a function)
COS	Expressions (a numeric function)
COUNT	Aggregate Functions
CREATE	CREATE DRAWING Statement, CREATE TABLE Statement and CREATE VIEW Statement
CROSS	CROSS JOIN Operator
CSNG	Expressions (a conversion function)
CSTR	Expressions (a conversion function)
CURRENCY	Data Types
CURRENT_DATE	Expressions (a date function)
CURRENT_TIME	Expressions (a date function)
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP	Expressions (a date function)
DATE	Data Types and Expressions (a date function)
DATEADD	Expressions (a date function)
DATEDIFF	Expressions (a date function)
DATEPART	Expressions (a date function)
DATESERIAL	Expressions (a date function)
DATETIME	Data Types
DATEVALUE	Expressions (a date function)
DAY	Expressions (a date function)
DEFAULT	ALTER TABLE Statement , CREATE TABLE Statement and INSERT INTO Statement
DEG2RAD	Expressions (a numeric function)
DELETE	DELETE Statement
DESC	ORDER BY Clause
DIFFERENCEE	Raster Extensions (a function)
DIFFERENCEEHEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
DIFFERENCEN	Raster Extensions (a function)
DIFFERENCENHEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
DIFFERENCENE	Raster Extensions (a function)
DIFFERENCENEHEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
DIFFERENCENW	Raster Extensions (a function)
DIFFERENCENWHEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
DIFFERENCES	Raster Extensions (a function)
DIFFERENCESHEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
DIFFERENCESE	Raster Extensions (a function)
DIFFERENCESEHEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
DIFFERENCESW	Raster Extensions (a function)
DIFFERENCESWHEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
DIFFERENCEW	Raster Extensions (a function)
DIFFERENCEWHEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
DISTANCE	Spatial Extensions (a function)
DISTANCEEARTH	Spatial Extensions (a function)
DISTANCETOADDRESS	Geocoding Extensions (a function)
DISTANCETOZIP	Geocoding Extensions (a function)
DISTINCT	ALL, DISTINCT, SKIP, TOP Quantifiers
DISTINCTROW	ALL, DISTINCT, SKIP, TOP Quantifiers DISTINCTROW is identical to DISTINCT.
DIV	Expressions (a numeric operator)
DOUBLE	Data Types
DRAWING	CREATE DRAWING Statement
DROP	DROP TABLE Statement , DROP VIEW Statement and ALTER TABLE Statement
ELSE	CASE Operator
ENCLOSINGCIRCLE	Spatial Extensions (a function)
ENCLOSINGRECTANGLE	Spatial Extensions (a function)
END	CASE Operator
ENDPOINT	Spatial Extensions (a function)
EQV	Expressions (a Boolean operator)
EXCEPT	EXCEPT Operator
EXISTS	EXISTS Operator
EXP	Expressions (a numeric function)
FALSE	IS Operator and Expressions (a Boolean operator)
FIRST	Aggregate Functions
FIX	Expressions (a numeric function)
FLIPHORIZONTALLY	Spatial Extensions (a function)
FLIPVERTICALLY	Spatial Extensions (a function)
FOR	SUBSTRING Operator
FORMATCURRENCY	Expressions (a string function)
FORMATDATETIME	Expressions (a string function)
FORMATNUMBER	Expressions (a string function)
FORMATPERCENT	Expressions (a string function)
FROM	FROM Clause
FULL	OUTER (LEFT, RIGHT, FULL) JOIN Operators
GEOM	Data Types
GEOMSDE	Data Types
GEOMSHP	Data Types
GEOMTYPE	Spatial Extensions (a function)
GEOMWKB	Data Types
GRAVITY	Raster Extensions (a function)
GROUP	GROUP BY Clause
HASPIXEL	Raster Extensions (a function)
HAVING	HAVING Clause
HEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
HEIGHTAVG	Raster Extensions (a function)
HEIGHTCURVMEAN	Raster Extensions (a function)
HEIGHTCURVPLAN	Raster Extensions (a function)
HEIGHTCURVPROFILE	Raster Extensions (a function)
HEIGHTDIVERSITY	Raster Extensions (a function)
HEIGHTDIVERSITYINDEX	Raster Extensions (a function)
HEIGHTMAJ	Raster Extensions (a function)
HEIGHTMAX	Raster Extensions (a function)
HEIGHTMED	Raster Extensions (a function)
HEIGHTMIN	Raster Extensions (a function)
HEIGHTSUM	Raster Extensions (a function)
HEX	Expressions (a string function)
HEXTOBINARY	Expressions (a conversion function)
HIGHPASS1	Raster Extensions (a function)
HIGHPASS1HEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
HIGHPASS2	Raster Extensions (a function)
HIGHPASS2HEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
HIGHPASS3	Raster Extensions (a function)
HIGHPASS3HEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
HLS	Raster Extensions (a function)
HOUR	Expressions (a date function)
HUE	Raster Extensions (a function)
IIF	Expressions (a generic function)
IMP	Expressions (a Boolean operator)
IN	IN Operator , POSITION Operator and TRANSFORM Statement
INNER	INNER JOIN Operator
INNERBUFFER	Spatial Extensions (a function)
INSERT	INSERT INTO Statement
INSTR	Expressions (a string function)
INSTRREV	Expressions (a string function)
INT	Data Types and Expressions (a numeric function)
INTEGER	Data Types
INTENSITY	Raster Extensions (a function)
INTERPOLATEHEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
INTERPOLATEROWHEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
INTERSECT	INTERSECT Operator
INTERSECTIONPOINT	Spatial Extensions (a function)
INTERSECTLINE	Spatial Extensions (a function)
INTERSECTS	Spatial Extensions (a function)
INTO	INSERT INTO Statement , SELECT INTO Statement
IS	IS Operator and IS NULL Operator
ISAREA	Spatial Extensions (a function)
ISCLOSED	Spatial Extensions (a function)
ISLANDS	Spatial Extensions (a function)
ISLINE	Spatial Extensions (a function)
ISPOINT	Spatial Extensions (a function)
ISRING	Spatial Extensions (a function)
JOIN	CROSS JOIN Operator , INNER JOIN Operator and OUTER (LEFT, RIGHT, FULL) JOIN Operators
JOINLINES	Spatial Extensions (a function)
KRIGING	Raster Extensions (a function)
LAPLACE1	Raster Extensions (a function)
LAPLACE1HEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
LAPLACE2	Raster Extensions (a function)
LAPLACE2HEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
LAST	Aggregate Functions
LATITUDE	Data Types
LCASE	Expressions (a string function)
LEADING	TRIM Operator
LEAVING	LEAVING Clause
LEFT	OUTER (LEFT, RIGHT, FULL) JOIN Operators and Expressions (a string function)
LEN	Expressions (a string function)
LENGTH	Spatial Extensions (a function)
LIGHTNESS	Raster Extensions (a function)
LIKE	LIKE Operator
LIKEX	LIKEX Operator
LINEPART	Spatial Extensions (a function)
LINEPOINT	Spatial Extensions (a function)
LOCATEADDRESS	Geocoding Extensions (a function)
LOCATEADDRESSLAT	Geocoding Extensions (a function)
LOCATEADDRESSLON	Geocoding Extensions (a function)
LOCATEZIP	Geocoding Extensions (a function)
LOCATEZIPLAT	Geocoding Extensions (a function)
LOCATEZIPLON	Geocoding Extensions (a function)
LOG	Expressions (a numeric function)
LOG10	Expressions (a numeric function)
LOG2	Expressions (a numeric function)
LONG	Data Types
LONGBINARY	Data Types
LONGITUDE	Data Types
LONGTEXT	Data Types
LOWER	Expressions (a string function)
LOWPASS1	Raster Extensions (a function)
LOWPASS1HEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
LOWPASS2	Raster Extensions (a function)
LOWPASS2HEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
LOWPASS3	Raster Extensions (a function)
LOWPASS3HEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
LTRIM	Expressions (a string function)
MAX	Aggregate Functions
MAXX	Spatial Extensions (a function)
MAXY	Spatial Extensions (a function)
MEDIANCROSS	Raster Extensions (a function)
MEDIANCROSSHEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
MEDIANSQUARE	Raster Extensions (a function)
MEDIANSQUAREHEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
MEDIANSQUARE5	Raster Extensions (a function)
MEDIANSQUARE5HEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
MID	Expressions (a string function)
MIN	Aggregate Functions
MINUTE	Expressions (a date function)
MINX	Spatial Extensions (a function)
MINY	Spatial Extensions (a function)
MOD	Expressions (a numeric operator)
MONEY	Data Types
MONTH	Expressions (a date function)
MONTHNAME	Expressions (a date function)
MOVEHORIZONTALLY	Spatial Extensions (a function)
MOVEVERTICALLY	Spatial Extensions (a function)
NAMES	SELECT Statement
NEWLINE	Spatial Extensions (a function)
NEWPOINT	Spatial Extensions (a function)
NEWPOINTLATLON	Spatial Extensions (a function)
NO	Expressions (a Boolean literal)
NORMALIZE	Spatial Extensions (a function)
NOT	IS Operator , IS NULL Operator , BETWEEN AND Operator , IN Operator , LIKE Operator , LIKEX Operator and Expressions (a Boolean operator)
NOW	Expressions (a date function)
NULL	ALTER TABLE Statement , CREATE TABLE Statement and IS NULL Operator
NULLIF	Expressions (a generic function)
OCT	Expressions (a string function)
OCTET_LENGTH	Expressions (a string function)
ON	INNER JOIN Operator and OUTER (LEFT, RIGHT, FULL) JOIN Operators
OPTIONS	OPTIONS Clause
OR	Expressions (a Boolean operator)
ORDER	ORDER BY Clause
OUTER	OUTER (LEFT, RIGHT, FULL) JOIN Operators
PARAMETERS	PARAMETERS Declaration
PERCENT	ALL, DISTINCT, SKIP, TOP Quantifiers
PIVOT	TRANSFORM Statement
PIXEL	Raster Extensions (a function)
PIXELHEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
PIXELSBYX	Raster Extensions (a function)
PIXELSBYY	Raster Extensions (a function)
PIXELWIDTH	Raster Extensions (a function)
POSITION	POSITION Operator
POW	Expressions (a numeric function)
PRESET	Spatial Extensions (used in coordinate system functions)
PROJECT	Spatial Extensions (a function)
RAD2DEG	Expressions (a numeric function)
REAL	Data Types
RECTHEIGHT	Spatial Extensions (a function)
RECTWIDTH	Spatial Extensions (a function)
REGEXP	Expressions (a string function)
RENAME	ALTER TABLE Statement
REPLACE	Expressions (a string function)
REVERSELINE	Spatial Extensions (a function)
RGB	Expressions (a numeric function)
RIGHT	Expressions (a string function) and OUTER (LEFT, RIGHT, FULL) JOIN Operators
RND	Expressions (a numeric function)
ROTATE	Spatial Extensions (a function)
ROUND	Expressions (a numeric function)
RTRIM	Expressions (a string function)
SATURATION	Raster Extensions (a function)
SCALE	Spatial Extensions (a function)
SCALEHORIZONTALLY	Spatial Extensions (a function)
SCALEVERTICALLY	Spatial Extensions (a function)
SECOND	Expressions (a date function)
SEGMENTS	Spatial Extensions (a function)
SELECT	SELECT Statement and SELECT … INTO Statement
SET	ALTER TABLE Statement and UPDATE Statement
SGN	Expressions (a numeric function)
SHAPEHULL	Spatial Extensions (a function)
SHARPEN	Raster Extensions (a function)
SHARPENHEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
SHARPENMORE	Raster Extensions (a function)
SHARPENMOREHEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
SHORT	Data Types
SIN	Expressions (a numeric function)
SINGLE	Data Types
SKIP	ALL, DISTINCT, SKIP, TOP Quantifiers
SLOPEHEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
SMALLINT	Data Types
SOME	ALL, ANY, SOME Quantifiers
SOUNDSLIKE	Expressions (a string function)
SPACE	Expressions (a string function)
SPLIT BY	SPLIT BY Clause
SQR	Expressions (a numeric function)
STARTPOINT	Spatial Extensions (a function)
STDEV	Aggregate Functions
STDEVP	Aggregate Functions
STRCOMP	Expressions (a string function)
STRING	Expressions (a string function)
STRREVERSE	Expressions (a string function)
SUBSTRING	SUBSTRING Operator
SUM	Aggregate Functions
TABLE	ALTER TABLE Statement , CREATE TABLE Statement , DROP TABLE Statement and SELECT Statement
TAN	Expressions (a numeric function)
TEXT	Data Types
THEN	CASE Operator
TILE	Raster Extensions (a function)
TILEHEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
TILEMEDIAN	Raster Extensions (a function)
TILEMEDIANHEIGHT	Raster Extensions (a function)
TIME	Data Types and Expressions (a date function)
TIMER	Expressions (a date function)
TIMESERIAL	Expressions (a date function)
TIMESTAMP	Data Types
TIMEVALUE	Expressions (a date function)
TINYINT	Data Types
TO	ALTER TABLE Statement
TOKEN	Expressions (a string function)
TOP	ALL, DISTINCT, SKIP, TOP Quantifiers
TOUCHES	Spatial Extensions (a function)
TRAILING	TRIM Operator
TRANSFORM	TRANSFORM Statement
TRIANGLES	Spatial Extensions (a function)
TRIANGULATION	Spatial Extensions (a function)
TRIANGULATIONLINES	Spatial Extensions (a function)
TRIM	TRIM Operator
TRUE	IS Operator and Expressions (a Boolean literal)
TYPENAME	Expressions (a generic function)
UCASE	Expressions (a string function)
UNION	UNION Operator
UNIONALL	Spatial Extensions (a function)
UNIONAREAS	Spatial Extensions (a function)
UNIQUE	UNIQUE Operator
UNKNOWN	IS Operator
UPDATE	UPDATE Statement
UPPER	Expressions (a string function)
VALUES	SELECT Statement and INSERT INTO Statement
Var	Aggregate Functions
VARCHAR	Data Types
VARP	Aggregate Functions
VARTYPE	Expressions (a generic function)
VIEW	CREATE VIEW Statement and DROP VIEW Statement
VOLUME	Raster Extensions (a function)
VORONOI	Spatial Extensions (a function)
VORONOILINES	Spatial Extensions (a function)
VORONOIPOINTS	Spatial Extensions (a function)
WEEKDAY	Expressions (a date function)
WEEKDAYNAME	Expressions (a date function)
WHEN	CASE Operator
WHERE	WHERE Clause
WKTTOCOORDSYS	Spatial Extensions (a function)
XOR	Expressions (a Boolean operator)
YEAR	Expressions (a date function)
YES	Expressions (a Boolean literal)